|
| Translations |
| Table 19: Translations and books in foreign languages |
|
Country of publication |
Total |
Major language |
Major language |
Percentage |
Percentage |
|||
|
First language |
Second language |
First |
Second |
|||||
|
1980 |
1994 |
1980 |
1980 |
1994 |
1994 |
1991-93 |
1991-93 |
|
|
Sub-Saharan Africa |
||||||||
|
Angola |
11 |
.. |
French |
English |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Benin |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Botswana |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Burkina Faso |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Burundi |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Cameroon |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Central African Rep. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Chad |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Congo |
2 |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Cote D Ivoire |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Eritrea |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
79,2 |
.. |
|
Ethiopia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
14,2 |
.. |
|
Gabon |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Gambia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
9,5 |
.. |
|
Ghana |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Guinea |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Guinea-Bissau |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Kenya |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Lesotho |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Liberia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Madagascar |
13 |
7 |
French |
English |
English |
French |
3,5 |
2,8 |
|
Malawi |
3 |
1 |
English |
.. |
English |
.. |
26,2 |
.. |
|
Mali |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Mauritania |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
9,4 |
|
Mauritius |
4 |
3 |
French |
.. |
English |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Mozambique |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Namibia |
.. |
11 |
.. |
.. |
Afrikaans |
German |
.. |
.. |
|
Niger |
39 |
.. |
English |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Nigeria |
9 |
.. |
English |
.. |
.. |
.. |
0,5 |
.. |
|
Rwanda |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Senegal |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Sierra Leone |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Somalia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
South Africa |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
6,8 |
5,7 |
|
Sudan |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Tanzania |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Togo |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Uganda |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Zaire |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Zambia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Zimbabwe |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Arab States |
||||||||
|
Algeria |
.. |
8 |
.. |
.. |
French |
English |
49,0 |
.. |
|
Egypt |
123 |
.. |
English |
French |
.. |
.. |
10,7 |
.. |
|
Iraq |
53 |
.. |
English |
Arabic |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Jordan |
10 |
81 |
English |
.. |
English |
French |
1,3 |
.. |
|
Kuwait |
19 |
5 |
French |
English |
English |
Russian |
.. |
.. |
|
Lebanon |
10 |
22 |
French |
.. |
French |
English |
.. |
.. |
|
Libya |
4 |
.. |
French |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Morocco |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Oman |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Saudi Arabia |
2 |
24 |
English |
.. |
English |
German |
.. |
.. |
|
Syria |
44 |
114 |
French |
English |
French |
English |
.. |
.. |
|
Tunisia |
7 |
9 |
.. |
.. |
Arabic |
French |
34,9 |
.. |
|
Unit.Arab Emirates |
.. |
3 |
.. |
.. |
English |
.. |
14,3 |
.. |
|
Yemen, Rep. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
South Central Asia |
||||||||
|
Afghanistan |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Armenia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Azerbaijan |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
3,8 |
4,0 |
|
Bangladesh |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
English |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Buthan |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Georgia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
India |
685 |
223 |
English |
Sanskrit |
English |
Sanskrit |
.. |
.. |
|
Iran |
7 |
.. |
English |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Kazakhstan |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Kyrgyz Rep. |
.. |
3 |
.. |
.. |
Kirghiz |
Tadzik |
.. |
.. |
|
Nepal |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Pakistan |
79 |
34 |
English |
Arabic |
English |
Arabic |
5,2 |
.. |
|
Sri Lanka |
30 |
56 |
English |
Russian |
English |
German |
45,9 |
24,7 |
|
Tajikistan |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Turkey |
684 |
322 |
English |
French |
English |
French |
4,3 |
0,8 |
|
Turkmenistan |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Uzbekistan |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
16,9 |
0,1 |
|
East Asia |
||||||||
|
China |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Hong Kong |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Japan |
1 966 |
3 183 |
English |
French |
English |
German |
.. |
.. |
|
Korea, Dem. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
0,2 |
0,0 |
|
Korea, Rep. |
363 |
2 018 |
English |
French |
English |
German |
.. |
.. |
|
Mongolia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Southeast Asia and Oceania |
||||||||
|
Australia |
113 |
.. |
English |
Classical |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Cambodia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Indonesia |
377 |
354 |
English |
French |
English |
French |
.. |
.. |
|
Lao PDR |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
17,2 |
.. |
|
Malaysia |
331 |
343 |
English |
Arabic |
English |
Arabic |
40,0 |
4,1 |
|
Myanmar |
47 |
.. |
English |
Chinese |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
New Zealand |
21 |
61 |
English |
.. |
English |
Samoan |
.. |
.. |
|
Papua New Guinea |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
1,6 |
.. |
|
Philippines |
29 |
4 |
English |
Classical |
Iloko |
.. |
35,9 |
0,4 |
|
Singapore |
70 |
.. |
English |
Arabic |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Thailand |
95 |
108 |
English |
Russian |
English |
Chinese |
6,6 |
.. |
|
Vietnam |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Latin America and the Caribbean |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
248 |
1 009 |
English |
French |
English |
French |
0,3 |
.. |
|
Bolivia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Brazil |
716 |
1 364 |
English |
French |
English |
French |
63,6 |
.. |
|
Chile |
24 |
189 |
English |
French |
English |
French |
.. |
.. |
|
Colombia |
48 |
72 |
English |
French |
English |
Italian |
.. |
.. |
|
Costa Rica |
1 |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Cuba |
.. |
18 |
.. |
.. |
Spanish |
French |
.. |
.. |
|
Dominican Rep. |
1 |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Ecuador |
1 |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
El Salvador |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Guatemala |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Haiti |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Honduras |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Jamaica |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Mexico |
2 702 |
.. |
English |
French |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Nicaragua |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Panama |
9 |
8 |
English |
.. |
English |
French |
.. |
.. |
|
Paraguay |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
0,7 |
.. |
|
Peru |
19 |
7 |
English |
.. |
Spanish |
English |
10,0 |
.. |
|
Trinidad |
.. |
2 |
.. |
.. |
Spanish |
French |
.. |
.. |
|
Uruguay |
11 |
14 |
English |
French |
English |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Venezuela |
15 |
4 |
French |
English |
English |
Classical |
.. |
.. |
|
North America |
||||||||
|
Canada |
360 |
718 |
English |
French |
English |
French |
2,2 |
13,6 |
|
United States |
1 390 |
.. |
German |
French |
French |
German |
.. |
.. |
|
Europe |
||||||||
|
Albania |
173 |
44 |
Russian |
French |
English |
French |
43,3 |
0,3 |
|
Austria |
327 |
327 |
English |
French |
English |
German |
6,5 |
1,7 |
|
Belarus |
.. |
29 |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
0,7 |
.. |
|
Belgium |
1 149 |
.. |
English |
German |
English |
Russian |
9,7 |
3,4 |
|
Bosnia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Bulgaria |
656 |
1 672 |
Russian |
English |
English |
French |
5,1 |
1,8 |
|
Croatia |
.. |
460 |
.. |
.. |
English |
Serbo-croat |
8,1 |
0,4 |
|
Czech Rep. |
.. |
2 463 |
.. |
.. |
German |
English |
10,6 |
3,4 |
|
Denmark |
1 913 |
1 873 |
English |
Swedish |
English |
Swedish |
17,3 |
2,8 |
|
Estonia |
.. |
533 |
.. |
.. |
English |
Estonian |
23,3 |
4,5 |
|
Finland |
1 476 |
1 164 |
English |
Swedish |
English |
Swedish |
16,4 |
0,3 |
|
France |
5 691 |
5 627 |
English |
German |
English |
German |
11,4 |
2,4 |
|
Germany |
7 681 |
9 992 |
English |
French |
English |
French |
.. |
.. |
|
Greece |
358 |
683 |
English |
French |
English |
French |
.. |
.. |
|
Hungary |
1 121 |
1 383 |
French |
English |
French |
English |
5,9 |
0,7 |
|
Ireland |
.. |
215 |
.. |
.. |
English |
German |
.. |
.. |
|
Israel |
330 |
198 |
English |
German |
English |
French |
.. |
.. |
|
Italy |
2 055 |
1 958 |
English |
French |
English |
French |
9,3 |
3,4 |
|
Latvia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
20,6 |
.. |
|
Lithuania |
.. |
562 |
.. |
.. |
English |
French |
13,1 |
0,6 |
|
Macedonia, FYR |
.. |
118 |
.. |
.. |
Macedonian |
English |
.. |
.. |
|
Moldova |
.. |
92 |
.. |
.. |
Russian |
Moldavian |
23,4 |
6,5 |
|
Netherlands |
1 846 |
4 243 |
English |
German |
English |
German |
18,5 |
.. |
|
Norway |
1 175 |
1 153 |
English |
Swedish |
English |
Swedish |
13,7 |
.. |
|
Poland |
883 |
2 358 |
English |
Russian |
English |
German |
5,1 |
0,3 |
|
Portugal |
839 |
1 444 |
French |
English |
English |
French |
39,3 |
2,3 |
|
Romania |
609 |
1 061 |
Hungarian |
French |
English |
French |
.. |
.. |
|
Russia |
.. |
5 136 |
.. |
.. |
English |
French |
7,6 |
0,6 |
|
Slovakia |
.. |
959 |
.. |
.. |
English |
Czech |
20,9 |
4,8 |
|
Slovenia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
12,9 |
.. |
|
Spain |
6 366 |
6 314 |
English |
French |
English |
French |
4,7 |
1,4 |
|
Sweden |
2 189 |
2 188 |
English |
Scandinavian |
English |
Scandinavian |
18,3 |
3,0 |
|
Switzerland |
811 |
972 |
English |
German |
English |
German |
17,7 |
.. |
|
Ukraine |
.. |
363 |
.. |
.. |
English |
French |
10,3 |
7,2 |
|
United Kingdom |
1 348 |
1 560 |
French |
German |
French |
German |
.. |
.. |
|
Yugoslavia |
.. |
573 |
.. |
.. |
English |
Serbo-Croat |
20,0 |
9,5 |
|
Region |
Total translations |
Percentage |
Percentage |
|
|
1980 |
1994 |
1991-93 |
1991-93 |
|
|
T |
T |
|||
|
World |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Developing |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Industrial |
.. |
.. |
11,0 |
3,0 |
|
Dev exc India / China |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Ind exc USA / Russia |
41 460 |
56 540 |
12,4 |
4,0 |
|
Sub-Saharan Africa |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
North Af / West Asia |
270 |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
South Central Asia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
East Asia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Southeast Asia / Oc |
1 080 |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Latin Am / Carib |
3 800 |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
North America |
1 750 |
.. |
.. |
.. |
|
Europe |
.. |
57 720 |
11,5 |
2,3 |
|
|
 |
